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Technological oils play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and efficiency of production processes. These oils are used at all stages of material processing and help increase productivity, reduce equipment wear, and improve the quality of the final product. There are various types of technological oils, including emulsifiable oils, anti-adhesion lubricants, and processing oils. Each of them has its unique properties and intended use.

Emulsifiable Oils

Emulsifiable oils, also known as metalworking oils, are a specific type of lubricant that mixes with water to create an emulsion. These oils are used in cutting, grinding, drilling, milling, and other metal processing operations. Emulsifiable oils serve several functions: they provide cooling to the working surface, reduce friction, prevent corrosion, and decrease tool wear.

When mixed with water, emulsifiable oil creates a stable emulsion that forms a thin protective layer on the surface of the metal. This allows for reduced temperature and prevents overheating of the work surface and tool, which is especially important during high-speed machining and complex manufacturing operations.

The main requirements for emulsifiable oils are:

1. Emulsion stability for longevity during operation.
2. Good heat transfer to prevent overheating of tools and the work surface.
3. Anti-corrosion properties to prevent rust formation on metal surfaces and tools.

The advantages of using emulsifiable oils include:

• Reduced wear on equipment and tools.
• Improved surface processing quality.
• Lower maintenance and repair costs due to extended equipment service life.

Anti-Adhesion Lubricants

Anti-adhesion lubricants are designed to prevent materials from sticking to the working surface of equipment and tools. Such lubricants are used in manufacturing processes where equipment comes into contact with sticky or viscous materials, such as in casting, concrete production, plastics processing, and when working with adhesives.

Anti-adhesion lubricants form a thin layer on the surface of the equipment that prevents materials from sticking. This facilitates the cleaning process, improves the final product quality, and allows for reduced equipment wear. In construction and metalworking, anti-adhesion lubricants help maintain the cleanliness of molds and dies, preventing the sticking of concrete or other materials.

The main requirements for anti-adhesion lubricants are:

1. High adhesion to the surface of the equipment to create a reliable protective layer.
2. Heat resistance so that the lubricant retains its properties at high temperatures.
3. No impact on the final product to ensure that the lubricant does not leave residues or alter the properties of the processed material.

The advantages of anti-adhesion lubricants include:

• Reduced cleaning costs for equipment.
• Lower downtime and maintenance costs.
• Increased productivity and quality of the produced products.

Processing Oils

Processing oils, also known as technological oils, are used in cutting, drilling, stamping, and molding processes of metals and other materials. These oils serve several functions: they reduce friction, cool the working surface, decrease tool wear, and improve the quality of the processed surface.

Types of Processing Oils:

1. Cutting oils: used to reduce friction and prevent overheating during metal cutting and drilling. Such oils contain special additives that enhance their lubricating and cooling properties.
2. Molding oils: applied in stamping and molding processes. They reduce friction between the metal and the tool, allowing for the avoidance of damage and deformation of the material.
3. Grinding oils: used for cooling and lubricating during grinding to prevent overheating and improve surface processing quality.

Processing oils are characterized by their high viscosity, which allows them to create a durable protective layer on the surface of the metal, as well as special additives that enhance their lubricating properties. They prevent contact between the working surfaces, reducing wear and extending the tool's service life.

The main requirements for processing oils are:

1. Lubricating properties that reduce friction and equipment wear.
2. High thermal conductivity for effective cooling.
3. Stability and resistance to oxidation, ensuring that the oil retains its properties over an extended period.

How to Choose a Technological Oil

When selecting an oil, it is essential to consider the type of production process, the characteristics of the equipment, and the properties of the material being processed. For instance, for grinding and drilling metals, thicker oils with cooling additives are more suitable, while molding or stamping applications require oils with low viscosity and excellent adhesion.

Additionally, when choosing an oil, attention should be paid to operating conditions such as temperature range, contamination level, and presence of water contact. These factors will help determine which oil properties will be critically important for a particular production process.

The Benefits of Regular Maintenance and Replacement of Technological Oils

Over time, technological oils lose their properties, which can lead to a decline in processing quality and increased equipment wear. Regular oil replacement helps maintain high equipment productivity, improves the quality of the final product, and reduces repair costs.

Using the right technological oils helps extend tool longevity, reduce energy costs, and improve the efficiency of the production process. Choosing quality oils and their regular replacement will prevent equipment downtimes and ensure high processing quality.

Conclusion

Emulsifiable oils, anti-adhesion lubricants, and processing oils are vital components in technological processes, from metalworking to concrete and plastic production. Properly selecting oil according to the specifics of the production process can significantly improve productivity, reduce equipment wear, and enhance product quality.